![]() ![]() We attempt to design gestures that are more physical and robust in unstable conditions and require less visual focus, based on directional gestures and layouts that leverage spatial and proprioceptive skills. ![]() In this paper, we explore the design space of future touch-based flight control panels for aircraft pilots. However it also presents major potential risks for air safety. The use of touch screens offers many advantages for pilots and manufacturers. Touch technologies tend to replace the existing pilot-system interfaces in airliner cockpits. With the qualitative evalua- tions of the two devices illustrating the concept, the first presenting a series of articulated touch screens and the second a "pleatable" touch display surface, we demonstrate that a foldable continuous touch surface provides relevant support for embodied interaction and increases the feeling of control for the management of a critical system.Finally, to generalize the knowledge produced to other contexts of use with a strong division of visual attention (driving, control room, portable touch device in mobility) we propose a design space for reconfigurable touch interfaces. ![]() By developing the Multi-pliƩ concept we highlight the dimensions and properties of the folding transformation of an interactive display surface. With the qualitative and quantitative study of the GazeForm prototype, we show that changing the shape of a touch surface according to the position of the gaze makes it possible, compared to a conventional touch screen, to reduce the workload, improve performance, reduce eye movements and improve the distribution of visual attention. While the theories of the phenomenology of perception, ecological perception and tangible and embodied interactions recognize the importance of the body, motor skills and interactions with the environment in perception-action phenomena, it seems simplistic to consider vision as the first and main sense of touch interac- tion.We believe that dynamic transforming the physical form of the touch interface touch interface physical form is an effective way to reembodied the touch inter- action space by making better use of users' motor skills and their ability to ne- gotiate, manipulate and orient themselves in their environment.Based on a characterization of the potential risks induced by the development of touch-based interfaces in the context of airliner cockpits (increase cognitive load, overload of the visual channel, alteration of situational awareness, etc.), we explore, through the design, manufacture and evaluation of three functional prototypes, the contributions of a touch interface with dynamic shape change to improve pilots-system collaboration. The sense of touch, even for touch devices in- stalled in critical systems, such as in the aeronautics or automotive fields, re- mains mainly used as an extension of vision, to point and control. While over time touch surfaces have been transformed in their thicknesses, shapes or stiffness, the interaction modality is still limited, as on the first de- vices, to a simple contact of the finger with the screen in a gesture that pretends to manipulate what is displayed. The "surface" in interactive touch systems is both the support of touch and im- age. ![]()
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